Focused Passage

John 19:1-16

The Crucified King: Behold the Man, Behold Your King, It Is Finished, and the Pierced Son

Jesus is mocked, presented, rejected, condemned, crucified as King, cared for his mother from the cross, fulfills Scripture in his thirst, finishes his work, gives up his spirit, is pierced rather than having his bones broken, and is honorably buried by Joseph and Nicodemus.

Berean Standard Bible, Public Domain - Translation notes - Reference sources

1 Then Pilate took Jesus and had Him flogged.

2 The soldiers twisted together a crown of thorns, set it on His head, and dressed Him in a purple robe.

3 And they went up to Him again and again, saying, “Hail, King of the Jews!” and slapping Him in the face.

4 Once again Pilate came out and said to the Jews, “Look, I am bringing Him out to you to let you know that I find no basis for a charge against Him.”

5 When Jesus came out wearing the crown of thorns and the purple robe, Pilate said to them, “Here is the man!”

6 As soon as the chief priests and officers saw Him, they shouted, “Crucify Him! Crucify Him!” “You take Him and crucify Him,” Pilate replied, “for I find no basis for a charge against Him.”

7 “We have a law,” answered the Jews, “and according to that law He must die, because He declared Himself to be the Son of God.”

8 When Pilate heard this statement, he was even more afraid,

9 and he went back into the Praetorium. “Where are You from?” he asked. But Jesus gave no answer.

10 So Pilate said to Him, “Do You refuse to speak to me? Do You not know that I have authority to release You and authority to crucify You?”

11 Jesus answered, “You would have no authority over Me if it were not given to you from above. Therefore the one who handed Me over to you is guilty of greater sin.”

12 From then on, Pilate tried to release Him, but the Jews kept shouting, “If you release this man, you are no friend of Caesar. Anyone who declares himself a king is defying Caesar.”

13 When Pilate heard these words, he brought Jesus out and sat on the judgment seat at a place called the Stone Pavement, which in Hebrew is Gabbatha.

14 It was the day of Preparation for the Passover, about the sixth hour. And Pilate said to the Jews, “Here is your King!”

15 At this, they shouted, “Away with Him! Away with Him! Crucify Him!” “Shall I crucify your King?” Pilate asked. “We have no king but Caesar,” replied the chief priests.

16 Then Pilate handed Jesus over to be crucified, and the soldiers took Him away.

Study Helps

References and Original Words

Verse 1

Original words

Then οὖν G3767 Conjunction - Τότε G5119 Adverb - G3588 Article - Nominative Masculine Singular Pilate Πιλᾶτος G4091 Noun - Nominative Masculine Singular took ἔλαβεν G2983 Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular - τὸν G3588 Article - Accusative Masculine Singular Jesus Ἰησοῦν G2424 Noun - Accusative Masculine Singular and καὶ G2532 Conjunction had [Him] flogged ἐμαστίγωσεν G3146 Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular
Verse 2

Original words

- καὶ G2532 Conjunction The οἱ G3588 Article - Nominative Masculine Plural soldiers στρατιῶται G4757 Noun - Nominative Masculine Plural twisted together πλέξαντες G4120 Verb - Aorist Participle Active - Nominative Masculine Plural a crown στέφανον G4735 Noun - Accusative Masculine Singular of ἐξ G1537 Preposition thorns ἀκανθῶν G173 Noun - Genitive Feminine Plural set [it] on ἐπέθηκαν G2007 Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person Plural His αὐτοῦ G846 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Genitive Masculine 3rd Person Singular - τῇ G3588 Article - Dative Feminine Singular head κεφαλῇ G2776 Noun - Dative Feminine Singular and καὶ G2532 Conjunction dressed περιέβαλον G4016 Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person Plural Him αὐτόν G846 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Accusative Masculine 3rd Person Singular in a purple πορφυροῦν G4210 Adjective - Accusative Neuter Singular robe ἱμάτιον G2440 Noun - Accusative Neuter Singular
Verse 3

Original words

And καὶ G2532 Conjunction they went up ἤρχοντο G2064 Verb - Imperfect Indicative Middle or Passive - 3rd Person Plural to πρὸς G4314 Preposition Him {again and again} αὐτὸν G846 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Accusative Masculine 3rd Person Singular - καὶ G2532 Conjunction saying ἔλεγον G2036 Verb - Imperfect Indicative Active - 3rd Person Plural Hail Χαῖρε G5463 Verb - Present Imperative Active - 2nd Person Singular - G3588 Article - Vocative Masculine Singular King Βασιλεὺς G935 Noun - Nominative Masculine Singular of the τῶν G3588 Article - Genitive Masculine Plural Jews Ἰουδαίων G2453 Adjective - Genitive Masculine Plural and καὶ G2532 Conjunction slapping Him in the face ἐδίδοσαν G1325 Verb - Imperfect Indicative Active - 3rd Person Plural . . . αὐτῷ G846 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Dative Masculine 3rd Person Singular . . . ῥαπίσματα G4475 Noun - Accusative Neuter Plural
Verse 4

Original words

[Once] Καὶ G2532 Conjunction again πάλιν G3825 Adverb - G3588 Article - Nominative Masculine Singular Pilate Πιλᾶτος G4091 Noun - Nominative Masculine Singular came ἐξῆλθεν G1831 Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular out ἔξω G1854 Adverb and καὶ G2532 Conjunction said λέγει G3004 Verb - Present Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular to [the Jews] αὐτοῖς G846 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Dative Masculine 3rd Person Plural Look Ἴδε G2400 Verb - Aorist Imperative Active - 2nd Person Singular I am bringing ἄγω G71 Verb - Present Indicative Active - 1st Person Singular Him αὐτὸν G846 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Accusative Masculine 3rd Person Singular out ἔξω G1854 Adverb to you ὑμῖν G4771 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Dative 2nd Person Plural to ἵνα G2443 Conjunction let you know γνῶτε G1097 Verb - Aorist Subjunctive Active - 2nd Person Plural that ὅτι G3754 Conjunction I find εὑρίσκω G2147 Verb - Present Indicative Active - 1st Person Singular no οὐδεμίαν G3762 Adjective - Accusative Feminine Singular basis for a charge αἰτίαν G156 Noun - Accusative Feminine Singular against ἐν G1722 Preposition Him αὐτῷ G846 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Dative Masculine 3rd Person Singular
Verse 5

Original words

[When] οὖν G3767 Conjunction - G3588 Article - Nominative Masculine Singular Jesus Ἰησοῦς G2424 Noun - Nominative Masculine Singular came ἐξῆλθεν G1831 Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular out ἔξω G1854 Adverb wearing φορῶν G5409 Verb - Present Participle Active - Nominative Masculine Singular the τὸν G3588 Article - Accusative Masculine Singular crown στέφανον G4735 Noun - Accusative Masculine Singular of thorns ἀκάνθινον G174 Adjective - Accusative Masculine Singular and καὶ G2532 Conjunction the τὸ G3588 Article - Accusative Neuter Singular purple πορφυροῦν G4210 Adjective - Accusative Neuter Singular robe ἱμάτιον G2440 Noun - Accusative Neuter Singular - καὶ G2532 Conjunction [Pilate] said λέγει G3004 Verb - Present Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular to them αὐτοῖς G846 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Dative Masculine 3rd Person Plural [Here is] Ἰδοὺ G2400 Verb - Aorist Imperative Active - 2nd Person Singular the G3588 Article - Nominative Masculine Singular man ἄνθρωπος G444 Noun - Nominative Masculine Singular
Verse 6

Original words

- οὖν G3767 Conjunction As soon as Ὅτε G3753 Adverb the οἱ G3588 Article - Nominative Masculine Plural chief priests ἀρχιερεῖς G749 Noun - Nominative Masculine Plural and καὶ G2532 Conjunction - οἱ G3588 Article - Nominative Masculine Plural officers ὑπηρέται G5257 Noun - Nominative Masculine Plural saw εἶδον G3708 Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person Plural Him αὐτὸν G846 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Accusative Masculine 3rd Person Singular they shouted ἐκραύγασαν G2905 Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person Plural . . . λέγοντες G3004 Verb - Present Participle Active - Nominative Masculine Plural Crucify [Him] Σταύρωσον G4717 Verb - Aorist Imperative Active - 2nd Person Singular Crucify [Him] σταύρωσον G4717 Verb - Aorist Imperative Active - 2nd Person Singular You take Λάβετε G2983 Verb - Aorist Imperative Active - 2nd Person Plural Him αὐτὸν G846 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Accusative Masculine 3rd Person Singular and καὶ G2532 Conjunction crucify [Him] σταυρώσατε G4717 Verb - Aorist Imperative Active - 2nd Person Plural - ὑμεῖς G4771 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Nominative 2nd Person Plural - G3588 Article - Nominative Masculine Singular Pilate Πιλᾶτος G4091 Noun - Nominative Masculine Singular replied Λέγει G3004 Verb - Present Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular . . . αὐτοῖς G846 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Dative Masculine 3rd Person Plural for γὰρ G1063 Conjunction I ἐγὼ G1473 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Nominative 1st Person Singular find εὑρίσκω G2147 Verb - Present Indicative Active - 1st Person Singular no οὐχ G3756 Adverb basis for a charge αἰτίαν G156 Noun - Accusative Feminine Singular against ἐν G1722 Preposition Him αὐτῷ G846 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Dative Masculine 3rd Person Singular
Verse 7

Original words

We Ἡμεῖς G1473 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Nominative 1st Person Plural have ἔχομεν G2192 Verb - Present Indicative Active - 1st Person Plural a law νόμον G3551 Noun - Accusative Masculine Singular answered Ἀπεκρίθησαν G611 Verb - Aorist Indicative Passive - 3rd Person Plural - αὐτῷ G846 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Dative Masculine 3rd Person Singular the οἱ G3588 Article - Nominative Masculine Plural Jews Ἰουδαῖοι G2453 Adjective - Nominative Masculine Plural and καὶ G2532 Conjunction according to κατὰ G2596 Preposition [that] τὸν G3588 Article - Accusative Masculine Singular law νόμον G3551 Noun - Accusative Masculine Singular He must ὀφείλει G3784 Verb - Present Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular die ἀποθανεῖν G599 Verb - Aorist Infinitive Active because ὅτι G3754 Conjunction He declared ἐποίησεν G4160 Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular Himself {to be} ἑαυτὸν G1438 Reflexive Pronoun - Accusative Masculine 3rd Person Singular [the] Son Υἱὸν G5207 Noun - Accusative Masculine Singular of God Θεοῦ G2316 Noun - Genitive Masculine Singular
Verse 8

Original words

- οὖν G3767 Conjunction When Ὅτε G3753 Adverb - G3588 Article - Nominative Masculine Singular Pilate Πιλᾶτος G4091 Noun - Nominative Masculine Singular heard ἤκουσεν G191 Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular this τοῦτον G3778 Demonstrative Pronoun - Accusative Masculine Singular - τὸν G3588 Article - Accusative Masculine Singular statement λόγον G3056 Noun - Accusative Masculine Singular vvv μᾶλλον G3123 Adverb he was even more afraid ἐφοβήθη G5399 Verb - Aorist Indicative Passive - 3rd Person Singular
Verse 9

Original words

and καὶ G2532 Conjunction he went εἰσῆλθεν G1525 Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular back πάλιν G3825 Adverb into εἰς G1519 Preposition the τὸ G3588 Article - Accusative Neuter Singular Praetorium πραιτώριον G4232 Noun - Accusative Neuter Singular Where Πόθεν G4159 Adverb are εἶ G1510 Verb - Present Indicative Active - 2nd Person Singular You from σύ G4771 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Nominative 2nd Person Singular - καὶ G2532 Conjunction he asked λέγει G3004 Verb - Present Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular - τῷ G3588 Article - Dative Masculine Singular - Ἰησοῦ G2424 Noun - Dative Masculine Singular But δὲ G1161 Conjunction - G3588 Article - Nominative Masculine Singular Jesus Ἰησοῦς G2424 Noun - Nominative Masculine Singular vvv οὐκ G3756 Adverb gave no ἔδωκεν G1325 Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular . . . αὐτῷ G846 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Dative Masculine 3rd Person Singular answer ἀπόκρισιν G612 Noun - Accusative Feminine Singular
Verse 10

Original words

So οὖν G3767 Conjunction - G3588 Article - Nominative Masculine Singular Pilate Πιλᾶτος G4091 Noun - Nominative Masculine Singular said Λέγει G3004 Verb - Present Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular to Him αὐτῷ G846 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Dative Masculine 3rd Person Singular vvv οὐ G3756 Adverb Do You refuse to speak λαλεῖς G2980 Verb - Present Indicative Active - 2nd Person Singular to me Ἐμοὶ G1473 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Dative 1st Person Singular vvv οὐκ G3756 Adverb Do You not know οἶδας G1492 Verb - Perfect Indicative Active - 2nd Person Singular that ὅτι G3754 Conjunction I have ἔχω G2192 Verb - Present Indicative Active - 1st Person Singular authority ἐξουσίαν G1849 Noun - Accusative Feminine Singular to release ἀπολῦσαί G630 Verb - Aorist Infinitive Active You σε G4771 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Accusative 2nd Person Singular and καὶ G2532 Conjunction vvv ἔχω G2192 Verb - Present Indicative Active - 1st Person Singular authority ἐξουσίαν G1849 Noun - Accusative Feminine Singular to crucify σταυρῶσαί G4717 Verb - Aorist Infinitive Active You σε G4771 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Accusative 2nd Person Singular
Verse 11

Original words

Jesus Ἰησοῦς G2424 Noun - Nominative Masculine Singular answered Ἀπεκρίθη G611 Verb - Aorist Indicative Passive - 3rd Person Singular - αὐτῷ G846 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Dative Masculine 3rd Person Singular You would have εἶχες G2192 Verb - Imperfect Indicative Active - 2nd Person Singular no Οὐκ G3756 Adverb authority ἐξουσίαν G1849 Noun - Accusative Feminine Singular over οὐδεμίαν G3762 Adjective - Accusative Feminine Singular . . . κατ’ G2596 Preposition Me ἐμοῦ G1473 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Genitive 1st Person Singular if εἰ G1487 Conjunction it were ἦν G1510 Verb - Imperfect Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular not μὴ G3361 Adverb given δεδομένον G1325 Verb - Perfect Participle Middle or Passive - Nominative Neuter Singular to you σοι G4771 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Dative 2nd Person Singular from above ἄνωθεν G509 Adverb Therefore διὰ G1223 Preposition - τοῦτο G3778 Demonstrative Pronoun - Accusative Neuter Singular the [one who] G3588 Article - Nominative Masculine Singular handed Me over παραδούς G3860 Verb - Aorist Participle Active - Nominative Masculine Singular . . . μέ G1473 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Accusative 1st Person Singular to you σοι G4771 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Dative 2nd Person Singular is {guilty of} ἔχει G2192 Verb - Present Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular greater μείζονα G3173 Adjective - Accusative Feminine Singular - Comparative sin ἁμαρτίαν G266 Noun - Accusative Feminine Singular
Verse 12

Original words

From then on Ἐκ G1537 Preposition . . . τούτου G3778 Demonstrative Pronoun - Genitive Neuter Singular - G3588 Article - Nominative Masculine Singular Pilate Πιλᾶτος G4091 Noun - Nominative Masculine Singular tried ἐζήτει G2212 Verb - Imperfect Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular to release ἀπολῦσαι G630 Verb - Aorist Infinitive Active Him αὐτόν G846 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Accusative Masculine 3rd Person Singular but δὲ G1161 Conjunction the οἱ G3588 Article - Nominative Masculine Plural Jews Ἰουδαῖοι G2453 Adjective - Nominative Masculine Plural kept shouting ἐκραύγασαν G2905 Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person Plural . . . λέγοντες G3004 Verb - Present Participle Active - Nominative Masculine Plural If Ἐὰν G1437 Conjunction you release ἀπολύσῃς G630 Verb - Aorist Subjunctive Active - 2nd Person Singular this [man] τοῦτον G3778 Demonstrative Pronoun - Accusative Masculine Singular you are εἶ G1510 Verb - Present Indicative Active - 2nd Person Singular no οὐκ G3756 Adverb friend φίλος G5384 Adjective - Nominative Masculine Singular - τοῦ G3588 Article - Genitive Masculine Singular of Caesar Καίσαρος G2541 Noun - Genitive Masculine Singular Anyone πᾶς G3956 Adjective - Nominative Masculine Singular who G3588 Article - Nominative Masculine Singular declares ποιῶν G4160 Verb - Present Participle Active - Nominative Masculine Singular himself ἑαυτὸν G1438 Reflexive Pronoun - Accusative Masculine 3rd Person Singular a king βασιλέα G935 Noun - Accusative Masculine Singular is defying ἀντιλέγει G483 Verb - Present Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular - τῷ G3588 Article - Dative Masculine Singular Caesar Καίσαρι G2541 Noun - Dative Masculine Singular
Verse 13

Original words

[When] οὖν G3767 Conjunction - G3588 Article - Nominative Masculine Singular Pilate Πιλᾶτος G4091 Noun - Nominative Masculine Singular heard ἀκούσας G191 Verb - Aorist Participle Active - Nominative Masculine Singular these τούτων G3778 Demonstrative Pronoun - Genitive Masculine Plural - τῶν G3588 Article - Genitive Masculine Plural words λόγων G3056 Noun - Genitive Masculine Plural he brought ἤγαγεν G71 Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular - τὸν G3588 Article - Accusative Masculine Singular Jesus Ἰησοῦν G2424 Noun - Accusative Masculine Singular out ἔξω G1854 Adverb and καὶ G2532 Conjunction sat ἐκάθισεν G2523 Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular on ἐπὶ G1909 Preposition [the] judgment seat βήματος G968 Noun - Genitive Neuter Singular at εἰς G1519 Preposition a place τόπον G5117 Noun - Accusative Masculine Singular called λεγόμενον G3004 Verb - Present Participle Middle or Passive - Accusative Masculine Singular [the] Stone Pavement Λιθόστρωτον G3038 Adjective - Accusative Masculine Singular [which] δὲ G1161 Conjunction in Hebrew Ἑβραϊστὶ G1447 Adverb [is] Gabbatha Γαββαθα G1042 Noun - Accusative Neuter Singular

BSB notes

  • Or in Aramaic; also in verses 17 and 20
Verse 14

Original words

- δὲ G1161 Conjunction It was ἦν G1510 Verb - Imperfect Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular the day of Preparation Παρασκευὴ G3904 Noun - Nominative Feminine Singular for the τοῦ G3588 Article - Genitive Neuter Singular Passover πάσχα G3957 Noun - Genitive Neuter Singular - ἦν G1510 Verb - Imperfect Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular about ὡς G5613 Adverb the sixth ἕκτη G1623 Adjective - Nominative Feminine Singular hour ὥρα G5610 Noun - Nominative Feminine Singular And καὶ G2532 Conjunction [Pilate] said λέγει G3004 Verb - Present Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular to the τοῖς G3588 Article - Dative Masculine Plural Jews Ἰουδαίοις G2453 Adjective - Dative Masculine Plural Here is Ἴδε G2400 Verb - Aorist Imperative Active - 2nd Person Singular your ὑμῶν G4771 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Genitive 2nd Person Plural - G3588 Article - Nominative Masculine Singular King Βασιλεὺς G935 Noun - Nominative Masculine Singular

BSB notes

  • That is, about noon
Verse 15

Original words

At this οὖν G3767 Conjunction they shouted Ἐκραύγασαν G2905 Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person Plural Away Ἆρον G142 Verb - Aorist Imperative Active - 2nd Person Singular with Him Ἐκεῖνοι G1565 Demonstrative Pronoun - Nominative Masculine Plural Away [with Him] ἆρον G142 Verb - Aorist Imperative Active - 2nd Person Singular Crucify σταύρωσον G4717 Verb - Aorist Imperative Active - 2nd Person Singular Him αὐτόν G846 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Accusative Masculine 3rd Person Singular Shall I crucify σταυρώσω G4717 Verb - Aorist Subjunctive Active - 1st Person Singular your ὑμῶν G4771 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Genitive 2nd Person Plural - Τὸν G3588 Article - Accusative Masculine Singular King Βασιλέα G935 Noun - Accusative Masculine Singular - G3588 Article - Nominative Masculine Singular Pilate Πιλᾶτος G4091 Noun - Nominative Masculine Singular asked Λέγει G3004 Verb - Present Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular . . . αὐτοῖς G846 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Dative Masculine 3rd Person Plural We have ἔχομεν G2192 Verb - Present Indicative Active - 1st Person Plural no Οὐκ G3756 Adverb king βασιλέα G935 Noun - Accusative Masculine Singular but εἰ G1487 Conjunction . . . μὴ G3361 Adverb Caesar Καίσαρα G2541 Noun - Accusative Masculine Singular replied Ἀπεκρίθησαν G611 Verb - Aorist Indicative Passive - 3rd Person Plural the οἱ G3588 Article - Nominative Masculine Plural chief priests ἀρχιερεῖς G749 Noun - Nominative Masculine Plural
Verse 16

Original words

Then οὖν G3767 Conjunction . . . Τότε G5119 Adverb [Pilate] handed [Jesus] over παρέδωκεν G3860 Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular . . . αὐτὸν G846 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Accusative Masculine 3rd Person Singular - αὐτοῖς G846 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Dative Masculine 3rd Person Plural to ἵνα G2443 Conjunction be crucified σταυρωθῇ G4717 Verb - Aorist Subjunctive Passive - 3rd Person Singular [and] οὖν G3767 Conjunction [the soldiers] took Παρέλαβον G3880 Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person Plural - τὸν G3588 Article - Accusative Masculine Singular [Him] {away} Ἰησοῦν G2424 Noun - Accusative Masculine Singular

Berean Standard Bible (BSB): CC0 Public Domain Scripture text. Focused passages are drawn from the same reader contract as the full chapter. Reference sources explains external study-link sources.