Focused Passage

John 19:17-30

The Crucified King: Behold the Man, Behold Your King, It Is Finished, and the Pierced Son

Jesus is mocked, presented, rejected, condemned, crucified as King, cared for his mother from the cross, fulfills Scripture in his thirst, finishes his work, gives up his spirit, is pierced rather than having his bones broken, and is honorably buried by Joseph and Nicodemus.

Berean Standard Bible, Public Domain - Translation notes - Reference sources

17Carrying His own cross, He went out to The Place of the Skull, which in Hebrew is called Golgotha.

18There they crucified Him, and with Him two others, one on each side, with Jesus in the middle.

19Pilate also had a notice posted on the cross. It read: JESUS OF NAZARETH, THE KING OF THE JEWS.

20Many of the Jews read this sign, because the place where Jesus was crucified was near the city, and it was written in Hebrew, Latin, and Greek.

21So the chief priests of the Jews said to Pilate, “Do not write, ‘The King of the Jews,’ but only that He said, ‘I am the King of the Jews.’”

22Pilate answered, “What I have written, I have written.”

23When the soldiers had crucified Jesus, they divided His garments into four parts, one for each soldier, with the tunic remaining. It was seamless, woven in one piece from top to bottom.

24So they said to one another, “Let us not tear it. Instead, let us cast lots to see who will get it.” This was to fulfill the Scripture: “They divided My garments among them, and cast lots for My clothing.” So that is what the soldiers did.

25Near the cross of Jesus stood His mother and her sister, as well as Mary the wife of Clopas and Mary Magdalene.

26When Jesus saw His mother and the disciple whom He loved standing nearby, He said to His mother, “Woman, here is your son.”

27Then He said to the disciple, “Here is your mother.” So from that hour, this disciple took her into his home.

28After this, knowing that everything had now been accomplished, and to fulfill the Scripture, Jesus said, “I am thirsty.”

29A jar of sour wine was sitting there. So they soaked a sponge in the wine, put it on a stalk of hyssop, and lifted it to His mouth.

30When Jesus had received the sour wine, He said, “It is finished.” And bowing His head, He yielded up His spirit.

Study Helps

References and Original Words

Verse 17

Original words

-ΚαὶG2532ConjunctionCarryingβαστάζωνG941Verb - Present Participle Active - Nominative Masculine Singular[His] ownἑαυτῷG1438Reflexive Pronoun - Dative Masculine 3rd Person Singular-τὸνG3588Article - Accusative Masculine SingularcrossσταυρὸνG4716Noun - Accusative Masculine SingularHe went outἐξῆλθενG1831Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person SingulartoεἰςG1519PrepositionvvvτὸνG3588Article - Accusative Masculine SingularvvvλεγόμενονG3004Verb - Present Participle Middle or Passive - Accusative Masculine Singular[The] PlaceτόπονG5117Noun - Accusative Masculine Singularof the SkullΚρανίουG2898Noun - Genitive Neuter SingularwhichG3739Personal / Relative Pronoun - Nominative Neuter Singularin HebrewἙβραϊστὶG1447Adverbis calledλέγεταιG3004Verb - Present Indicative Middle or Passive - 3rd Person SingularGolgothaΓολγοθᾶG1115Noun - Nominative Feminine Singular
Verse 18

Original words

[There]ὅπουG3699Adverbthey crucifiedἐσταύρωσανG4717Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person PluralHimαὐτὸνG846Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Accusative Masculine 3rd Person SingularandκαὶG2532Conjunctionwithμετ’G3326PrepositionHimαὐτοῦG846Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Genitive Masculine 3rd Person SingulartwoδύοG1417Adjective - Accusative Masculine PluralothersἄλλουςG243Adjective - Accusative Masculine Plural[one] on each sideἐντεῦθενG1782Adverb. . .καὶG2532Conjunction. . .ἐντεῦθενG1782Adverb[with]δὲG1161Conjunction-τὸνG3588Article - Accusative Masculine SingularJesusἸησοῦνG2424Noun - Accusative Masculine Singularin the middleμέσονG3319Adjective - Accusative Neuter Singular
Verse 19

Original words

-δὲG1161Conjunction-G3588Article - Nominative Masculine SingularPilateΠιλᾶτοςG4091Noun - Nominative Masculine SingularalsoκαὶG2532Conjunction-καὶG2532ConjunctionvvvἜγραψενG1125Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singularhad a noticeτίτλονG5102Noun - Accusative Masculine SingularpostedἔθηκενG5087Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person SingularonἐπὶG1909PrepositiontheτοῦG3588Article - Genitive Masculine SingularcrossσταυροῦG4716Noun - Genitive Masculine Singular-δὲG1161ConjunctionIt readἦνG1510Verb - Imperfect Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular. . .γεγραμμένονG1125Verb - Perfect Participle Middle or Passive - Nominative Neuter SingularJESUSΙΗΣΟΥΣG2424Noun - Nominative Masculine SingularOFΟ*G3588Article - Nominative Masculine SingularNAZARETHΝΑΖΩΡΑΙΟΣG3480Noun - Nominative Masculine SingularTHEΟ*G3588Article - Nominative Masculine SingularKINGΒΑΣΙΛΕΥΣG935Noun - Nominative Masculine SingularOF THEΤΩΝG3588Article - Genitive Masculine PluralJEWSΙΟΥΔΑΙΩΝG2453Adjective - Genitive Masculine Plural
Verse 20

Original words

-οὖνG3767ConjunctionManyπολλοὶG4183Adjective - Nominative Masculine Pluralof theτῶνG3588Article - Genitive Masculine PluralJewsἸουδαίωνG2453Adjective - Genitive Masculine PluralreadἀνέγνωσανG314Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person PluralthisΤοῦτονG3778Demonstrative Pronoun - Accusative Masculine Singular-τὸνG3588Article - Accusative Masculine SingularsignτίτλονG5102Noun - Accusative Masculine SingularbecauseὅτιG3754ConjunctiontheG3588Article - Nominative Masculine SingularplaceτόποςG5117Noun - Nominative Masculine SingularwhereὅπουG3699Adverb-G3588Article - Nominative Masculine SingularJesusἸησοῦςG2424Noun - Nominative Masculine Singularwas crucifiedἐσταυρώθηG4717Verb - Aorist Indicative Passive - 3rd Person SingularwasἦνG1510Verb - Imperfect Indicative Active - 3rd Person SingularnearἐγγὺςG1451PrepositiontheτῆςG3588Article - Genitive Feminine SingularcityπόλεωςG4172Noun - Genitive Feminine SingularandκαὶG2532Conjunctionit wasἦνG1510Verb - Imperfect Indicative Active - 3rd Person SingularwrittenγεγραμμένονG1125Verb - Perfect Participle Middle or Passive - Nominative Neuter Singularin HebrewἙβραϊστίG1447AdverbLatinῬωμαϊστίG4515Adverb[and] GreekἙλληνιστίG1676Adverb
Verse 21

Original words

SoοὖνG3767ConjunctiontheοἱG3588Article - Nominative Masculine Pluralchief priestsἀρχιερεῖςG749Noun - Nominative Masculine Pluralof theτῶνG3588Article - Genitive Masculine PluralJewsἸουδαίωνG2453Adjective - Genitive Masculine PluralsaidἔλεγονG2036Verb - Imperfect Indicative Active - 3rd Person Plural-τῷG3588Article - Dative Masculine Singularto PilateΠιλάτῳG4091Noun - Dative Masculine Singular{Do} notΜὴG3361AdverbwriteγράφεG1125Verb - Present Imperative Active - 2nd Person SingularTheG3588Article - Nominative Masculine SingularKingΒασιλεὺςG935Noun - Nominative Masculine Singularof theτῶνG3588Article - Genitive Masculine PluralJewsἸουδαίωνG2453Adjective - Genitive Masculine Pluralbut onlyἀλλ’G235ConjunctionthatὅτιG3754ConjunctionHeἐκεῖνοςG1565Demonstrative Pronoun - Nominative Masculine SingularsaidεἶπενG2036Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person SingularI amεἰμιG1510Verb - Present Indicative Active - 1st Person Singular[the] KingΒασιλεύςG935Noun - Nominative Masculine Singularof the«τῶνG3588Article - Genitive Masculine PluralJewsἸουδαίων»G2453Adjective - Genitive Masculine Plural
Verse 22

Original words

-G3588Article - Nominative Masculine SingularPilateΠιλᾶτοςG4091Noun - Nominative Masculine SingularansweredἈπεκρίθηG611Verb - Aorist Indicative Passive - 3rd Person SingularWhatG3739Personal / Relative Pronoun - Accusative Neuter SingularI have writtenγέγραφαG1125Verb - Perfect Indicative Active - 1st Person SingularI have writtenγέγραφαG1125Verb - Perfect Indicative Active - 1st Person Singular
Verse 23

Original words

-οὖνG3767ConjunctionWhenὅτεG3753AdverbtheΟἱG3588Article - Nominative Masculine PluralsoldiersστρατιῶταιG4757Noun - Nominative Masculine Pluralhad crucifiedἐσταύρωσανG4717Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person Plural-τὸνG3588Article - Accusative Masculine SingularJesusἸησοῦνG2424Noun - Accusative Masculine Singularthey dividedἔλαβονG2983Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person Plural. . .καὶG2532Conjunction. . .ἐποίησανG4160Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person PluralHisαὐτοῦG846Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Genitive Masculine 3rd Person Singular-τὰG3588Article - Accusative Neuter PluralgarmentsἱμάτιαG2440Noun - Accusative Neuter Plural[into] fourτέσσαραG5064Adjective - Accusative Neuter PluralpartsμέρηG3313Noun - Accusative Neuter Plural[one]μέροςG3313Noun - Accusative Neuter Singularfor eachἑκάστῳG1538Adjective - Dative Masculine SingularsoldierστρατιώτῃG4757Noun - Dative Masculine Singular[with]καὶG2532ConjunctiontheτὸνG3588Article - Accusative Masculine Singulartunic [remaining]χιτῶναG5509Noun - Accusative Masculine Singular-δὲG1161Conjunction-G3588Article - Nominative Masculine Singular[It]χιτὼνG5509Noun - Nominative Masculine SingularwasἦνG1510Verb - Imperfect Indicative Active - 3rd Person SingularseamlessἄραφοςG729Adjective - Nominative Masculine SingularwovenὑφαντὸςG5307Adjective - Nominative Masculine Singularin one pieceὅλουG3650Adjective - Genitive Masculine Singular. . .δι’G1223PrepositionfromἐκG1537Preposition-τῶνG3588Article - Genitive Neuter Pluraltop to bottomἄνωθενG509Adverb
Verse 24

Original words

SoοὖνG3767Conjunctionthey saidεἶπανG2036Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person PluraltoπρὸςG4314Prepositionone anotherἀλλήλουςG240Personal / Reciprocal Pronoun - Accusative Masculine PluralvvvΜὴG3361AdverbLet us not tear itσχίσωμενG4977Verb - Aorist Subjunctive Active - 1st Person Plural. . .αὐτόνG846Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Accusative Masculine 3rd Person SingularInsteadἀλλὰG235Conjunctionlet us cast lotsλάχωμενG2975Verb - Aorist Subjunctive Active - 1st Person Pluralto seeπερὶG4012PrepositionwhoτίνοςG5101Interrogative / Indefinite Pronoun - Genitive Masculine Singular[will get]ἔσταιG1510Verb - Future Indicative Middle - 3rd Person SingularitαὐτοῦG846Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Genitive Masculine 3rd Person SingularThis was toἵναG2443ConjunctionfulfillπληρωθῇG4137Verb - Aorist Subjunctive Passive - 3rd Person SingulartheG3588Article - Nominative Feminine SingularScriptureγραφὴG1124Noun - Nominative Feminine Singular. . .G3588Article - Nominative Feminine Singular. . .λέγουσαG3004Verb - Present Participle Active - Nominative Feminine SingularThey dividedΔιεμερίσαντοG1266Verb - Aorist Indicative Middle - 3rd Person PluralMyμουG1473Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Genitive 1st Person Singular-τὰG3588Article - Accusative Neuter PluralgarmentsἱμάτιάG2440Noun - Accusative Neuter Pluralamong themἑαυτοῖςG1438Reflexive Pronoun - Dative Masculine 3rd Person PluralandκαὶG2532ConjunctioncastἔβαλονG906Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person PlurallotsκλῆρονG2819Noun - Accusative Masculine SingularforἐπὶG1909PrepositionMyμουG1473Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Genitive 1st Person Singular-τὸνG3588Article - Accusative Masculine SingularclothingἱματισμόνG2441Noun - Accusative Masculine SingularSoοὖνG3767Conjunctionthat [is what]ταῦταG3778Demonstrative Pronoun - Accusative Neuter PluraltheΟἱG3588Article - Nominative Masculine PluralsoldiersστρατιῶταιG4757Noun - Nominative Masculine PluralvvvμὲνG3303ConjunctiondidἐποίησανG4160Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person Plural

BSB notes

  • Psalm 22:18
Verse 25

Original words

NearπαρὰG3844PrepositiontheτῷG3588Article - Dative Masculine SingularcrossσταυρῷG4716Noun - Dative Masculine Singular-τοῦG3588Article - Genitive Masculine Singularof JesusἸησοῦG2424Noun - Genitive Masculine SingularstoodΕἱστήκεισανG2476Verb - Pluperfect Indicative Active - 3rd Person Plural-δὲG1161ConjunctionHisαὐτοῦG846Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Genitive Masculine 3rd Person Singular-G3588Article - Nominative Feminine SingularmotherμήτηρG3384Noun - Nominative Feminine SingularandκαὶG2532Conjunction-G3588Article - Nominative Feminine SingularvvvτῆςG3588Article - Genitive Feminine SingularvvvαὐτοῦG846Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Genitive Masculine 3rd Person Singular[her]μητρὸςG3384Noun - Genitive Feminine SingularsisterἀδελφὴG79Noun - Nominative Feminine Singular[as well as] MaryΜαρίαG3137Noun - Nominative Feminine Singularthe [wife]G3588Article - Nominative Feminine Singular-τοῦG3588Article - Genitive Masculine Singularof ClopasΚλωπᾶG2832Noun - Genitive Masculine SingularandκαὶG2532ConjunctionMaryΜαρίαG3137Noun - Nominative Feminine Singular-G3588Article - Nominative Feminine SingularMagdaleneΜαγδαληνήG3094Noun - Nominative Feminine Singular
Verse 26

Original words

[When]οὖνG3767ConjunctionJesusἸησοῦςG2424Noun - Nominative Masculine SingularsawἰδὼνG3708Verb - Aorist Participle Active - Nominative Masculine Singular[His]τὴνG3588Article - Accusative Feminine SingularmotherμητέραG3384Noun - Accusative Feminine SingularandκαὶG2532ConjunctiontheτὸνG3588Article - Accusative Masculine SingulardiscipleμαθητὴνG3101Noun - Accusative Masculine SingularwhomὃνG3739Personal / Relative Pronoun - Accusative Masculine SingularHe lovedἠγάπαG25Verb - Imperfect Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singularstanding nearbyπαρεστῶταG3936Verb - Perfect Participle Active - Accusative Masculine SingularHe saidλέγειG3004Verb - Present Indicative Active - 3rd Person SingulartoτῇG3588Article - Dative Feminine Singular[His] motherμητρίG3384Noun - Dative Feminine SingularWomanΓύναιG1135Noun - Vocative Feminine Singularhere [is]ἴδεG2400Verb - Aorist Imperative Active - 2nd Person SingularyourσουG4771Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Genitive 2nd Person Singular-G3588Article - Nominative Masculine SingularsonυἱόςG5207Noun - Nominative Masculine Singular
Verse 27

Original words

ThenεἶταG1534AdverbHe saidλέγειG3004Verb - Present Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singularto theτῷG3588Article - Dative Masculine SingulardiscipleμαθητῇG3101Noun - Dative Masculine SingularHere [is]ἼδεG2400Verb - Aorist Imperative Active - 2nd Person SingularyourσουG4771Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Genitive 2nd Person Singular-G3588Article - Nominative Feminine SingularmotherμήτηρG3384Noun - Nominative Feminine SingularSoκαὶG2532Conjunctionfromἀπ’G575PrepositionthatἐκείνηςG1565Demonstrative Pronoun - Genitive Feminine Singular-τῆςG3588Article - Genitive Feminine SingularhourὥραςG5610Noun - Genitive Feminine Singular[this]G3588Article - Nominative Masculine SingulardiscipleμαθητὴςG3101Noun - Nominative Masculine SingulartookἔλαβενG2983Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person SingularherαὐτὴνG846Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Accusative Feminine 3rd Person SingularintoεἰςG1519Preposition[his]τὰG3588Article - Accusative Neuter Plural[home]ἴδιαG2398Adjective - Accusative Neuter Plural
Verse 28

Original words

AfterΜετὰG3326PrepositionthisτοῦτοG3778Demonstrative Pronoun - Accusative Neuter Singular-G3588Article - Nominative Masculine SingularknowingεἰδὼςG1492Verb - Perfect Participle Active - Nominative Masculine SingularthatὅτιG3754ConjunctioneverythingπάνταG3956Adjective - Nominative Neuter PluralvvvἤδηG2235Adverbhad now been accomplishedτετέλεσταιG5055Verb - Perfect Indicative Middle or Passive - 3rd Person Singular[and] toἵναG2443ConjunctionfulfillτελειωθῇG5048Verb - Aorist Subjunctive Passive - 3rd Person SingulartheG3588Article - Nominative Feminine SingularScriptureγραφὴG1124Noun - Nominative Feminine SingularJesusἸησοῦςG2424Noun - Nominative Masculine SingularsaidλέγειG3004Verb - Present Indicative Active - 3rd Person SingularI am thirstyΔιψῶG1372Verb - Present Indicative Active - 1st Person Singular

BSB notes

  • See Psalm 22:15.
Verse 29

Original words

A jarσκεῦοςG4632Noun - Nominative Neuter SingularofμεστόνG3324Adjective - Nominative Neuter Singularsour wineὄξουςG3690Noun - Genitive Neuter Singularwas sitting [there]ἔκειτοG2749Verb - Imperfect Indicative Middle or Passive - 3rd Person SingularSoοὖνG3767Conjunctionthey soakedμεστὸνG3324Adjective - Accusative Masculine Singulara spongeσπόγγονG4699Noun - Accusative Masculine Singular-τοῦG3588Article - Genitive Neuter Singular[in the] wineὄξουςG3690Noun - Genitive Neuter Singularput [it] onπεριθέντεςG4060Verb - Aorist Participle Active - Nominative Masculine Plurala stalk of hyssopὑσσώπῳG5301Noun - Dative Feminine Singular[and] liftedπροσήνεγκανG4374Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person PluralitαὐτοῦG846Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Genitive Masculine 3rd Person Singularto [His]τῷG3588Article - Dative Neuter SingularmouthστόματιG4750Noun - Dative Neuter Singular

BSB notes

  • Or A jar of wine vinegar; similarly in verse 30
  • See Psalm 69:21.
Verse 30

Original words

-οὖνG3767ConjunctionWhenὅτεG3753AdverbJesusἸησοῦςG2424Noun - Nominative Masculine Singularhad receivedἔλαβενG2983Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person SingulartheτὸG3588Article - Accusative Neuter Singularsour wineὄξοςG3690Noun - Accusative Neuter Singular-G3588Article - Nominative Masculine SingularHe saidεἶπενG2036Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person SingularIt is finishedΤετέλεσταιG5055Verb - Perfect Indicative Middle or Passive - 3rd Person SingularAndκαὶG2532ConjunctionbowingκλίναςG2827Verb - Aorist Participle Active - Nominative Masculine Singular[His]τὴνG3588Article - Accusative Feminine SingularheadκεφαλὴνG2776Noun - Accusative Feminine SingularHe yielded upπαρέδωκενG3860Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular[His]τὸG3588Article - Accusative Neuter SingularspiritπνεῦμαG4151Noun - Accusative Neuter Singular

Berean Standard Bible (BSB): CC0 Public Domain Scripture text. Focused passages are drawn from the same reader contract as the full chapter. Reference sources explains external study-link sources.