Focused Passage

John 19:17-30

The Crucified King: Behold the Man, Behold Your King, It Is Finished, and the Pierced Son

Jesus is mocked, presented, rejected, condemned, crucified as King, cared for his mother from the cross, fulfills Scripture in his thirst, finishes his work, gives up his spirit, is pierced rather than having his bones broken, and is honorably buried by Joseph and Nicodemus.

Berean Standard Bible, Public Domain - Translation notes - Reference sources

17 Carrying His own cross, He went out to The Place of the Skull, which in Hebrew is called Golgotha.

18 There they crucified Him, and with Him two others, one on each side, with Jesus in the middle.

19 Pilate also had a notice posted on the cross. It read: JESUS OF NAZARETH, THE KING OF THE JEWS.

20 Many of the Jews read this sign, because the place where Jesus was crucified was near the city, and it was written in Hebrew, Latin, and Greek.

21 So the chief priests of the Jews said to Pilate, “Do not write, ‘The King of the Jews,’ but only that He said, ‘I am the King of the Jews.’”

22 Pilate answered, “What I have written, I have written.”

23 When the soldiers had crucified Jesus, they divided His garments into four parts, one for each soldier, with the tunic remaining. It was seamless, woven in one piece from top to bottom.

24 So they said to one another, “Let us not tear it. Instead, let us cast lots to see who will get it.” This was to fulfill the Scripture: “They divided My garments among them, and cast lots for My clothing.” So that is what the soldiers did.

25 Near the cross of Jesus stood His mother and her sister, as well as Mary the wife of Clopas and Mary Magdalene.

26 When Jesus saw His mother and the disciple whom He loved standing nearby, He said to His mother, “Woman, here is your son.”

27 Then He said to the disciple, “Here is your mother.” So from that hour, this disciple took her into his home.

28 After this, knowing that everything had now been accomplished, and to fulfill the Scripture, Jesus said, “I am thirsty.”

29 A jar of sour wine was sitting there. So they soaked a sponge in the wine, put it on a stalk of hyssop, and lifted it to His mouth.

30 When Jesus had received the sour wine, He said, “It is finished.” And bowing His head, He yielded up His spirit.

Study Helps

References and Original Words

Verse 17

Original words

- Καὶ G2532 Conjunction Carrying βαστάζων G941 Verb - Present Participle Active - Nominative Masculine Singular [His] own ἑαυτῷ G1438 Reflexive Pronoun - Dative Masculine 3rd Person Singular - τὸν G3588 Article - Accusative Masculine Singular cross σταυρὸν G4716 Noun - Accusative Masculine Singular He went out ἐξῆλθεν G1831 Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular to εἰς G1519 Preposition vvv τὸν G3588 Article - Accusative Masculine Singular vvv λεγόμενον G3004 Verb - Present Participle Middle or Passive - Accusative Masculine Singular [The] Place τόπον G5117 Noun - Accusative Masculine Singular of the Skull Κρανίου G2898 Noun - Genitive Neuter Singular which G3739 Personal / Relative Pronoun - Nominative Neuter Singular in Hebrew Ἑβραϊστὶ G1447 Adverb is called λέγεται G3004 Verb - Present Indicative Middle or Passive - 3rd Person Singular Golgotha Γολγοθᾶ G1115 Noun - Nominative Feminine Singular
Verse 18

Original words

[There] ὅπου G3699 Adverb they crucified ἐσταύρωσαν G4717 Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person Plural Him αὐτὸν G846 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Accusative Masculine 3rd Person Singular and καὶ G2532 Conjunction with μετ’ G3326 Preposition Him αὐτοῦ G846 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Genitive Masculine 3rd Person Singular two δύο G1417 Adjective - Accusative Masculine Plural others ἄλλους G243 Adjective - Accusative Masculine Plural [one] on each side ἐντεῦθεν G1782 Adverb . . . καὶ G2532 Conjunction . . . ἐντεῦθεν G1782 Adverb [with] δὲ G1161 Conjunction - τὸν G3588 Article - Accusative Masculine Singular Jesus Ἰησοῦν G2424 Noun - Accusative Masculine Singular in the middle μέσον G3319 Adjective - Accusative Neuter Singular
Verse 19

Original words

- δὲ G1161 Conjunction - G3588 Article - Nominative Masculine Singular Pilate Πιλᾶτος G4091 Noun - Nominative Masculine Singular also καὶ G2532 Conjunction - καὶ G2532 Conjunction vvv Ἔγραψεν G1125 Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular had a notice τίτλον G5102 Noun - Accusative Masculine Singular posted ἔθηκεν G5087 Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular on ἐπὶ G1909 Preposition the τοῦ G3588 Article - Genitive Masculine Singular cross σταυροῦ G4716 Noun - Genitive Masculine Singular - δὲ G1161 Conjunction It read ἦν G1510 Verb - Imperfect Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular . . . γεγραμμένον G1125 Verb - Perfect Participle Middle or Passive - Nominative Neuter Singular JESUS ΙΗΣΟΥΣ G2424 Noun - Nominative Masculine Singular OF Ο* G3588 Article - Nominative Masculine Singular NAZARETH ΝΑΖΩΡΑΙΟΣ G3480 Noun - Nominative Masculine Singular THE Ο* G3588 Article - Nominative Masculine Singular KING ΒΑΣΙΛΕΥΣ G935 Noun - Nominative Masculine Singular OF THE ΤΩΝ G3588 Article - Genitive Masculine Plural JEWS ΙΟΥΔΑΙΩΝ G2453 Adjective - Genitive Masculine Plural
Verse 20

Original words

- οὖν G3767 Conjunction Many πολλοὶ G4183 Adjective - Nominative Masculine Plural of the τῶν G3588 Article - Genitive Masculine Plural Jews Ἰουδαίων G2453 Adjective - Genitive Masculine Plural read ἀνέγνωσαν G314 Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person Plural this Τοῦτον G3778 Demonstrative Pronoun - Accusative Masculine Singular - τὸν G3588 Article - Accusative Masculine Singular sign τίτλον G5102 Noun - Accusative Masculine Singular because ὅτι G3754 Conjunction the G3588 Article - Nominative Masculine Singular place τόπος G5117 Noun - Nominative Masculine Singular where ὅπου G3699 Adverb - G3588 Article - Nominative Masculine Singular Jesus Ἰησοῦς G2424 Noun - Nominative Masculine Singular was crucified ἐσταυρώθη G4717 Verb - Aorist Indicative Passive - 3rd Person Singular was ἦν G1510 Verb - Imperfect Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular near ἐγγὺς G1451 Preposition the τῆς G3588 Article - Genitive Feminine Singular city πόλεως G4172 Noun - Genitive Feminine Singular and καὶ G2532 Conjunction it was ἦν G1510 Verb - Imperfect Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular written γεγραμμένον G1125 Verb - Perfect Participle Middle or Passive - Nominative Neuter Singular in Hebrew Ἑβραϊστί G1447 Adverb Latin Ῥωμαϊστί G4515 Adverb [and] Greek Ἑλληνιστί G1676 Adverb
Verse 21

Original words

So οὖν G3767 Conjunction the οἱ G3588 Article - Nominative Masculine Plural chief priests ἀρχιερεῖς G749 Noun - Nominative Masculine Plural of the τῶν G3588 Article - Genitive Masculine Plural Jews Ἰουδαίων G2453 Adjective - Genitive Masculine Plural said ἔλεγον G2036 Verb - Imperfect Indicative Active - 3rd Person Plural - τῷ G3588 Article - Dative Masculine Singular to Pilate Πιλάτῳ G4091 Noun - Dative Masculine Singular {Do} not Μὴ G3361 Adverb write γράφε G1125 Verb - Present Imperative Active - 2nd Person Singular The G3588 Article - Nominative Masculine Singular King Βασιλεὺς G935 Noun - Nominative Masculine Singular of the τῶν G3588 Article - Genitive Masculine Plural Jews Ἰουδαίων G2453 Adjective - Genitive Masculine Plural but only ἀλλ’ G235 Conjunction that ὅτι G3754 Conjunction He ἐκεῖνος G1565 Demonstrative Pronoun - Nominative Masculine Singular said εἶπεν G2036 Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular I am εἰμι G1510 Verb - Present Indicative Active - 1st Person Singular [the] King Βασιλεύς G935 Noun - Nominative Masculine Singular of the «τῶν G3588 Article - Genitive Masculine Plural Jews Ἰουδαίων» G2453 Adjective - Genitive Masculine Plural
Verse 22

Original words

- G3588 Article - Nominative Masculine Singular Pilate Πιλᾶτος G4091 Noun - Nominative Masculine Singular answered Ἀπεκρίθη G611 Verb - Aorist Indicative Passive - 3rd Person Singular What G3739 Personal / Relative Pronoun - Accusative Neuter Singular I have written γέγραφα G1125 Verb - Perfect Indicative Active - 1st Person Singular I have written γέγραφα G1125 Verb - Perfect Indicative Active - 1st Person Singular
Verse 23

Original words

- οὖν G3767 Conjunction When ὅτε G3753 Adverb the Οἱ G3588 Article - Nominative Masculine Plural soldiers στρατιῶται G4757 Noun - Nominative Masculine Plural had crucified ἐσταύρωσαν G4717 Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person Plural - τὸν G3588 Article - Accusative Masculine Singular Jesus Ἰησοῦν G2424 Noun - Accusative Masculine Singular they divided ἔλαβον G2983 Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person Plural . . . καὶ G2532 Conjunction . . . ἐποίησαν G4160 Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person Plural His αὐτοῦ G846 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Genitive Masculine 3rd Person Singular - τὰ G3588 Article - Accusative Neuter Plural garments ἱμάτια G2440 Noun - Accusative Neuter Plural [into] four τέσσαρα G5064 Adjective - Accusative Neuter Plural parts μέρη G3313 Noun - Accusative Neuter Plural [one] μέρος G3313 Noun - Accusative Neuter Singular for each ἑκάστῳ G1538 Adjective - Dative Masculine Singular soldier στρατιώτῃ G4757 Noun - Dative Masculine Singular [with] καὶ G2532 Conjunction the τὸν G3588 Article - Accusative Masculine Singular tunic [remaining] χιτῶνα G5509 Noun - Accusative Masculine Singular - δὲ G1161 Conjunction - G3588 Article - Nominative Masculine Singular [It] χιτὼν G5509 Noun - Nominative Masculine Singular was ἦν G1510 Verb - Imperfect Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular seamless ἄραφος G729 Adjective - Nominative Masculine Singular woven ὑφαντὸς G5307 Adjective - Nominative Masculine Singular in one piece ὅλου G3650 Adjective - Genitive Masculine Singular . . . δι’ G1223 Preposition from ἐκ G1537 Preposition - τῶν G3588 Article - Genitive Neuter Plural top to bottom ἄνωθεν G509 Adverb
Verse 24

Original words

So οὖν G3767 Conjunction they said εἶπαν G2036 Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person Plural to πρὸς G4314 Preposition one another ἀλλήλους G240 Personal / Reciprocal Pronoun - Accusative Masculine Plural vvv Μὴ G3361 Adverb Let us not tear it σχίσωμεν G4977 Verb - Aorist Subjunctive Active - 1st Person Plural . . . αὐτόν G846 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Accusative Masculine 3rd Person Singular Instead ἀλλὰ G235 Conjunction let us cast lots λάχωμεν G2975 Verb - Aorist Subjunctive Active - 1st Person Plural to see περὶ G4012 Preposition who τίνος G5101 Interrogative / Indefinite Pronoun - Genitive Masculine Singular [will get] ἔσται G1510 Verb - Future Indicative Middle - 3rd Person Singular it αὐτοῦ G846 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Genitive Masculine 3rd Person Singular This was to ἵνα G2443 Conjunction fulfill πληρωθῇ G4137 Verb - Aorist Subjunctive Passive - 3rd Person Singular the G3588 Article - Nominative Feminine Singular Scripture γραφὴ G1124 Noun - Nominative Feminine Singular . . . G3588 Article - Nominative Feminine Singular . . . λέγουσα G3004 Verb - Present Participle Active - Nominative Feminine Singular They divided Διεμερίσαντο G1266 Verb - Aorist Indicative Middle - 3rd Person Plural My μου G1473 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Genitive 1st Person Singular - τὰ G3588 Article - Accusative Neuter Plural garments ἱμάτιά G2440 Noun - Accusative Neuter Plural among them ἑαυτοῖς G1438 Reflexive Pronoun - Dative Masculine 3rd Person Plural and καὶ G2532 Conjunction cast ἔβαλον G906 Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person Plural lots κλῆρον G2819 Noun - Accusative Masculine Singular for ἐπὶ G1909 Preposition My μου G1473 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Genitive 1st Person Singular - τὸν G3588 Article - Accusative Masculine Singular clothing ἱματισμόν G2441 Noun - Accusative Masculine Singular So οὖν G3767 Conjunction that [is what] ταῦτα G3778 Demonstrative Pronoun - Accusative Neuter Plural the Οἱ G3588 Article - Nominative Masculine Plural soldiers στρατιῶται G4757 Noun - Nominative Masculine Plural vvv μὲν G3303 Conjunction did ἐποίησαν G4160 Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person Plural

BSB notes

  • Psalm 22:18
Verse 25

Original words

Near παρὰ G3844 Preposition the τῷ G3588 Article - Dative Masculine Singular cross σταυρῷ G4716 Noun - Dative Masculine Singular - τοῦ G3588 Article - Genitive Masculine Singular of Jesus Ἰησοῦ G2424 Noun - Genitive Masculine Singular stood Εἱστήκεισαν G2476 Verb - Pluperfect Indicative Active - 3rd Person Plural - δὲ G1161 Conjunction His αὐτοῦ G846 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Genitive Masculine 3rd Person Singular - G3588 Article - Nominative Feminine Singular mother μήτηρ G3384 Noun - Nominative Feminine Singular and καὶ G2532 Conjunction - G3588 Article - Nominative Feminine Singular vvv τῆς G3588 Article - Genitive Feminine Singular vvv αὐτοῦ G846 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Genitive Masculine 3rd Person Singular [her] μητρὸς G3384 Noun - Genitive Feminine Singular sister ἀδελφὴ G79 Noun - Nominative Feminine Singular [as well as] Mary Μαρία G3137 Noun - Nominative Feminine Singular the [wife] G3588 Article - Nominative Feminine Singular - τοῦ G3588 Article - Genitive Masculine Singular of Clopas Κλωπᾶ G2832 Noun - Genitive Masculine Singular and καὶ G2532 Conjunction Mary Μαρία G3137 Noun - Nominative Feminine Singular - G3588 Article - Nominative Feminine Singular Magdalene Μαγδαληνή G3094 Noun - Nominative Feminine Singular
Verse 26

Original words

[When] οὖν G3767 Conjunction Jesus Ἰησοῦς G2424 Noun - Nominative Masculine Singular saw ἰδὼν G3708 Verb - Aorist Participle Active - Nominative Masculine Singular [His] τὴν G3588 Article - Accusative Feminine Singular mother μητέρα G3384 Noun - Accusative Feminine Singular and καὶ G2532 Conjunction the τὸν G3588 Article - Accusative Masculine Singular disciple μαθητὴν G3101 Noun - Accusative Masculine Singular whom ὃν G3739 Personal / Relative Pronoun - Accusative Masculine Singular He loved ἠγάπα G25 Verb - Imperfect Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular standing nearby παρεστῶτα G3936 Verb - Perfect Participle Active - Accusative Masculine Singular He said λέγει G3004 Verb - Present Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular to τῇ G3588 Article - Dative Feminine Singular [His] mother μητρί G3384 Noun - Dative Feminine Singular Woman Γύναι G1135 Noun - Vocative Feminine Singular here [is] ἴδε G2400 Verb - Aorist Imperative Active - 2nd Person Singular your σου G4771 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Genitive 2nd Person Singular - G3588 Article - Nominative Masculine Singular son υἱός G5207 Noun - Nominative Masculine Singular
Verse 27

Original words

Then εἶτα G1534 Adverb He said λέγει G3004 Verb - Present Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular to the τῷ G3588 Article - Dative Masculine Singular disciple μαθητῇ G3101 Noun - Dative Masculine Singular Here [is] Ἴδε G2400 Verb - Aorist Imperative Active - 2nd Person Singular your σου G4771 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Genitive 2nd Person Singular - G3588 Article - Nominative Feminine Singular mother μήτηρ G3384 Noun - Nominative Feminine Singular So καὶ G2532 Conjunction from ἀπ’ G575 Preposition that ἐκείνης G1565 Demonstrative Pronoun - Genitive Feminine Singular - τῆς G3588 Article - Genitive Feminine Singular hour ὥρας G5610 Noun - Genitive Feminine Singular [this] G3588 Article - Nominative Masculine Singular disciple μαθητὴς G3101 Noun - Nominative Masculine Singular took ἔλαβεν G2983 Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular her αὐτὴν G846 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Accusative Feminine 3rd Person Singular into εἰς G1519 Preposition [his] τὰ G3588 Article - Accusative Neuter Plural [home] ἴδια G2398 Adjective - Accusative Neuter Plural
Verse 28

Original words

After Μετὰ G3326 Preposition this τοῦτο G3778 Demonstrative Pronoun - Accusative Neuter Singular - G3588 Article - Nominative Masculine Singular knowing εἰδὼς G1492 Verb - Perfect Participle Active - Nominative Masculine Singular that ὅτι G3754 Conjunction everything πάντα G3956 Adjective - Nominative Neuter Plural vvv ἤδη G2235 Adverb had now been accomplished τετέλεσται G5055 Verb - Perfect Indicative Middle or Passive - 3rd Person Singular [and] to ἵνα G2443 Conjunction fulfill τελειωθῇ G5048 Verb - Aorist Subjunctive Passive - 3rd Person Singular the G3588 Article - Nominative Feminine Singular Scripture γραφὴ G1124 Noun - Nominative Feminine Singular Jesus Ἰησοῦς G2424 Noun - Nominative Masculine Singular said λέγει G3004 Verb - Present Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular I am thirsty Διψῶ G1372 Verb - Present Indicative Active - 1st Person Singular

BSB notes

  • See Psalm 22:15.
Verse 29

Original words

A jar σκεῦος G4632 Noun - Nominative Neuter Singular of μεστόν G3324 Adjective - Nominative Neuter Singular sour wine ὄξους G3690 Noun - Genitive Neuter Singular was sitting [there] ἔκειτο G2749 Verb - Imperfect Indicative Middle or Passive - 3rd Person Singular So οὖν G3767 Conjunction they soaked μεστὸν G3324 Adjective - Accusative Masculine Singular a sponge σπόγγον G4699 Noun - Accusative Masculine Singular - τοῦ G3588 Article - Genitive Neuter Singular [in the] wine ὄξους G3690 Noun - Genitive Neuter Singular put [it] on περιθέντες G4060 Verb - Aorist Participle Active - Nominative Masculine Plural a stalk of hyssop ὑσσώπῳ G5301 Noun - Dative Feminine Singular [and] lifted προσήνεγκαν G4374 Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person Plural it αὐτοῦ G846 Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Genitive Masculine 3rd Person Singular to [His] τῷ G3588 Article - Dative Neuter Singular mouth στόματι G4750 Noun - Dative Neuter Singular

BSB notes

  • Or A jar of wine vinegar; similarly in verse 30
  • See Psalm 69:21.
Verse 30

Original words

- οὖν G3767 Conjunction When ὅτε G3753 Adverb Jesus Ἰησοῦς G2424 Noun - Nominative Masculine Singular had received ἔλαβεν G2983 Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular the τὸ G3588 Article - Accusative Neuter Singular sour wine ὄξος G3690 Noun - Accusative Neuter Singular - G3588 Article - Nominative Masculine Singular He said εἶπεν G2036 Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular It is finished Τετέλεσται G5055 Verb - Perfect Indicative Middle or Passive - 3rd Person Singular And καὶ G2532 Conjunction bowing κλίνας G2827 Verb - Aorist Participle Active - Nominative Masculine Singular [His] τὴν G3588 Article - Accusative Feminine Singular head κεφαλὴν G2776 Noun - Accusative Feminine Singular He yielded up παρέδωκεν G3860 Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular [His] τὸ G3588 Article - Accusative Neuter Singular spirit πνεῦμα G4151 Noun - Accusative Neuter Singular

Berean Standard Bible (BSB): CC0 Public Domain Scripture text. Focused passages are drawn from the same reader contract as the full chapter. Reference sources explains external study-link sources.